Key Findings
This is a quick summary of the main discovery for each research paper we have published, organized issue by issue. Each key finding is below the article title, with a link to the abstract.
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February 2019
Prevalence and safety of acamprosate use in pregnant alcohol‐dependent women in New South Wales, Australia
The prevalence of acamprosate use (a medication used to treat alcohol dependence) in pregnancy in New South Wales, Australia is low. Acamprosate exposure in utero is not clearly associated with poor maternal or neonatal health outcomes.
Assessing the impact of alcohol taxation on rates of violent victimization in a large urban area: an agent‐based modeling approach
Raising taxes on alcohol can reduce alcohol consumption and alcohol-related violence in large urban areas.
Alcohol consumption behaviors and neurocognitive dysfunction and emotional distress in adult survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Among adult survivors of childhood cancer, drinking initiation during adolescence is associated with modest increased risk for memory impairment and emotional distress.
Association of alcohol consumption with allergic disease and asthma: a multi‐centre Mendelian randomization analysis
In observational analyses, ever‐drinking was positively associated with hay fever and negatively associated with asthma. Mendelian randomization results were not consistent with these associations being causal.
Polydrug use patterns and their impact on relapse among heroin‐dependent patients in Shanghai, China
Polydrug use patterns differ among heroin‐dependent patients in compulsory rehabilitation programmes in China. A history of polydrug use may predict heroin relapse risk among those patients.
A typology of prescription drug monitoring programs: a latent transition analysis of the evolution of programs from 1999 to 2016
Since 1999, US states have tended to transition to more robust classes of prescription drug monitoring programs. Opioid overdose deaths in prior years predicted the state's program class but not transitions between classes over time.
Age‐varying effects of cannabis use frequency and disorder on symptoms of psychosis, depression and anxiety in adolescents and adults
Associations between cannabis use and poor mental health found in late adolescence and young adulthood appear to extend through adulthood.
Impact of timing of methadone initiation on perinatal outcomes following delivery among pregnant women on methadone maintenance therapy in Ontario
Later initiation of methadone maintenance therapy among pregnant women in Ontario, Canada was not found to be clearly related to most key perinatal adverse health outcomes.
E‐cigarette use in England 2014–17 as a function of socio‐economic profile
From 2014 to 2017 in England, e‐cigarette use was greater among smokers from higher compared with lower socio‐economic status groups, but this difference attenuated over time.
Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use in relation to mental health conditions, past‐month serious psychological distress and cigarette smoking status, 2017
In the US, use of electronic nicotine delivery devices (e-cigarettes) is more common in people with versus without mental health conditions.
Does the nicotine metabolite ratio moderate smoking cessation treatment outcomes in real‐world settings? A prospective study
In a real‐world setting, the nicotine metabolite ratio status of treatment‐seeking smokers does not appear to contribute substantially to the differential effectiveness of varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy.
Could prenatal food insecurity influence neonatal abstinence syndrome severity?
Among pregnant women receiving opioid agonist treatment, those who are at risk of not getting enough food are also more likely to have babies that require treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome.
A developmental cascade model for early adolescent‐onset substance use: the role of early childhood stress
Early life stress may disrupt child inhibitory control, leading to behavioral and peer problem behavior in childhood and heightened risk for early adolescent substance use.
A dynamic, modifiable model for estimating cost‐effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions in pregnancy: application to an RCT of self‐help delivered by text message
‘Economics of Smoking in Pregnancy’ is the first economic model to link mothers’ and infants’ costs and benefits while reporting cost‐effectiveness in readily‐comparable units.
The evolving drug epidemic of prescription opioid injection and its association with HCV transmission among people who inject drugs in Montréal, Canada
Prescription opioid injection increased among people who inject drugs in Montréal, Canada from 2004 to 2009, reaching a plateau between 2010 and 2016.